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Sammendrag
Denne studien undersøker hvordan det å miste en forelder i barndommen påvirker sannsynligheten for å motta arbeidsavklaringspenger (AAP) som voksen. Både foreldres livssituasjon og hendelser i barndommen kan påvirke barns helse og skolegang, og på sikt gi behov for Navs helseytelser i voksen alder.
Resultatene viser at barn som har mistet en forelder, har høyere sannsynlighet for å motta AAP enn de som ikke har opplevd tidlig foreldredød. For å isolere effekten av selve dødsfallet på AAP-mottak, fokuserer vi på kreft som dødsårsak. Kreft rammer mer tilfeldig enn andre dødsårsaker, og er derfor i mindre grad knyttet til økonomiske og sosiale forhold i familien. Vi finner at barn som mister en forelder til kreft, har en liten, men signifikant økning i mottak av AAP. Det indikerer at det å miste en forelder i barndommen i liten grad har en langsiktig effekt på AAP-mottak i voksen alder.
Denne sammenhengen er sterkere blant barn av foreldre med lavere utdanning. Vi finner også at dødsårsaker som avhengighet og selvmord/selvskade har størst påvirkning på AAP-mottak. Det indikerer at ikke bare selve dødsfallet spiller en rolle for senere AAP-mottak, men også andre forhold knyttet til barnets familie, oppvekst og arvelighet.
Studien understreker behovet for økt kunnskap og bedre støtte til barn i sårbare situasjoner, samt viktigheten av samarbeid mellom Nav, helsetjenester og barnevern for å forebygge langvarige helseproblemer hos barn som opplever traumatiske hendelser. Våre funn viser at foreldres død i barndommen ikke nødvendigvis påvirker barns senere AAP-mottak, men at noen barn lever i sårbare familier som av ulike årsaker gir økt risiko for å motta helserelaterte ytelser som voksne.
This study examines how parental death in childhood affects the likelihood of receiving work assessment allowance (WAA) as an adult in Norway. Both parents’ life situation and events in childhood can impact children’s health and education, potentially leading to a need for health benefits in adulthood. The results show that children who have experienced the death of a parent are more likely to receive WAA than those who have not experienced parental death. To isolate the effect of parental death from confounding factors influencing WAA receipt, we focus on cancer-related deaths. Death following cancer at an early age occurs more randomly and is therefore less associated with economic and social conditions. We find that children who lose a parent to cancer have a small but significant increase in WAA receipt. This indicates that losing a parent in childhood has a minor long-term effect on WAA receipt in adulthood. This association is stronger among children of parents with lower education. We also find that causes of death such as addiction and suicide/self-harm have the greatest impact on becoming a WAA recipient as an adult. The findings suggest that family and upbringing factors, including inheritance, also play a crucial role. The study highlights the need for increased knowledge and better support for children in vulnerable situations, as well as the importance of cooperation between Nav, health services, and child welfare to prevent long-term health problems in children who experience traumatic events. Our findings show that parental death in childhood does not necessarily affect children’s later WAA receipt, but that some children live in vulnerable families that, for various reasons, increase the risk of receiving health-related benefits as adults.
This study examines how parental death in childhood affects the likelihood of receiving work assessment allowance (WAA) as an adult in Norway. Both parents’ life situation and events in childhood can impact children’s health and education, potentially leading to a need for health benefits in adulthood. The results show that children who have experienced the death of a parent are more likely to receive WAA than those who have not experienced parental death. To isolate the effect of parental death from confounding factors influencing WAA receipt, we focus on cancer-related deaths. Death following cancer at an early age occurs more randomly and is therefore less associated with economic and social conditions. We find that children who lose a parent to cancer have a small but significant increase in WAA receipt. This indicates that losing a parent in childhood has a minor long-term effect on WAA receipt in adulthood. This association is stronger among children of parents with lower education. We also find that causes of death such as addiction and suicide/self-harm have the greatest impact on becoming a WAA recipient as an adult. The findings suggest that family and upbringing factors, including inheritance, also play a crucial role. The study highlights the need for increased knowledge and better support for children in vulnerable situations, as well as the importance of cooperation between Nav, health services, and child welfare to prevent long-term health problems in children who experience traumatic events. Our findings show that parental death in childhood does not necessarily affect children’s later WAA receipt, but that some children live in vulnerable families that, for various reasons, increase the risk of receiving health-related benefits as adults.